{"id":794,"date":"2020-04-22T00:14:00","date_gmt":"2020-04-22T00:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tierra.jerrejerre.com\/es\/?p=794"},"modified":"2024-09-09T21:59:45","modified_gmt":"2024-09-09T21:59:45","slug":"los-campesinos-que-quieren-apagar-las-motosierras-en-guaviare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/en\/2020\/04\/22\/los-campesinos-que-quieren-apagar-las-motosierras-en-guaviare\/","title":{"rendered":"Farmers Who Want to Turn Off Chainsaws in Guaviare"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p style=\"max-width:860px\"><strong>In Colombia&#8217;s third most deforested department, peasants and settlers are promoting initiatives for the conservation and sustainable use of the Amazon rainforest, against the backdrop of the most profitable and popular activities, which at the same time are also the most harmful: extensive cattle ranching and coca cultivation.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Four years ago, Maria Gaitan would not cut down a tree. She did it when she bought her farm and brought in cattle, and others for whom she worked picking coca leaves. Now she retains a jungle enclave that resists cattle ranching and illicit crops, the main economic activities in Guaviare, one of Colombia&#8217;s Amazon departments with the most deforestation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThat&#8217;s what we were taught and that was our way of living: because others were doing it. This thing that looks at pastures was all jungle. This wasn&#8217;t a clear-cut pasture,\u201d says the 35-year-old woman looking at the landscape where she lives, an area adjacent to rocky outcrops of high tourist value that rise amid \u201ca diverse mosaic of forests, savannas and bushes that house elements of the Orinoco, the Andes, the Amazon and the Guiana Shield,\u201d as described in a quick inventory made by scientists from different institutions and social organizations in 2017.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is precisely because of her knowledge of her surroundings that today Maria leads, together with her partner, Olmes Rodriguez, a project of conservation and sustainable use of the forest from their farm, El Sinai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI was also a jungle knocker. I made contracts to cut down 10, 12, 15 hectares and to cut down trees with a chainsaw,\u201d says Rodriguez, who arrived at the age of 17 in Guaviare from San Pedro de Jagua, in the rural area of Ubala, Cundinamarca, in the center of the country, attracted by the \u201ccoca ambition.\u201d First, he scraped the coca leaves. Then he started \u201cchemo\u201d to transform them into cocaine base paste. Finally, he had a field where he planted coca bushes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But betting on conservation and sustainable uses of the territory also implies threats, stigmatization and risks for the peasants that sometimes seek to dissuade them from denouncing crimes and others discourage their efforts to protect the forest ecosystems in which they live.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div align=\"center\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/albumizr.com\/a\/cfYh\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\" width=\"80%\" height=\"400\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>To get to the El Sinai farm, in the Tortugas township, you have to travel three hours by motorcycle from San Jos\u00e9 del Guaviare, the departmental capital, and cross the El Capricho village, along dirt roads that can be a torture in winter. Cattle ranches dominate the landscape, except for a stretch in the Serrania de La Lindosa that is characterized by its imposing stone formations, pre-Hispanic cave paintings and spouts with crimson water plants that have become tourist destinations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The same happens in two other important routes: the one that goes to the south of San Jose towards the Calamar municipality and the one that joins Calamar with Miraflores. Extensive cattle ranching covers almost everything, and the land grabbing lurks with new settlers. Everything in the middle of the Colombian Amazon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The State\u2019s messages regarding Guaviare have been historically ambiguous. On the one hand, it ordered everything that today is the department as a forest reserve area covered by the Second Law in 1959; on the other hand, it pushed for peasant colonization towards the reserve, as it is also stated in the quick inventory, where it is explained that \u201cthe current population has been in this region for 100 years or less\u201d of El Capricho and that its \u201cmost important population occurred from 1968, when the National Government promoted the directed colonization, with the purpose of populating wide waste territories of the nation.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/tierra.jerre-dev.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Guaviare. Foto: FCDS.\" class=\"wp-image-789\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212355\/2-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212355\/2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212355\/2-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212355\/2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212355\/2-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>DEFORESTED FOREST AREAS DESTINED TO PASTURE AT THE FOOT OF THE CALAMAR-MIRAFLORES ROAD, CONSIDERED ILLEGAL BY THE AUTHORITIES. PHOTO: FOUNDATION FOR CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT \u2013 FCDS.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Line Between Conservation and Colonization<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Maria Gaitan and Olmes Rodriguez talk about their past of small-scale logging from a piece of virgin forest that she keeps in the middle of her own paddocks and neighboring cattle ranches.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They also talk about their future: community forestry, as it is known, is the sustainable way to use the forest for profit. They just started in 2018 and already work with 110 families from seven villages in the police district.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Before becoming a couple, the two were already in leadership positions. Gaitan as coordinator of the Network of Communal Women of El Capricho, and Rodriguez as president of the Association of Communal Action Boards of the same town. But it was last year, at a conservation meeting, that their concern for the environment brought them together.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/tierra.jerre-dev.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/3.jpg\" alt=\"Guaviare. Foto: Sara Castillejo Ditta.\" class=\"wp-image-790\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212354\/3.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212354\/3-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212354\/3-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>THEIR PASSION FOR CARING FOR THE ENVIRONMENT UNITED OLMES RODRIGUEZ AND MARIA GAITAN. TOGETHER WITH DOZENS OF OTHER FAMILIES, THEY ARE BETTING ON CONSERVATION WHILE FACING THE PRESSURES OF AN EXTRACTIVE ENVIRONMENT. PHOTO: SARA CASTILLEJO.<br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Surrounded by asai, seje, abarco and achapo trees, all native species of the Amazon, the couple talk about setting up a nursery and recovering the forest they cut down. Not far from there, you can hear a chainsaw.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These are the two faces of the department, which reached its highest peak of deforestation in 2017 when it registered 38,221 hectares cut down, according to data from Ideam&#8217;s Forest and Carbon Monitoring System. That historic record occurred exactly one year after the signing of the peace agreement between the government of Juan Manuel Santos and the guerrilla group of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC). The figure represented an increase of 233% over the previous year and a total of 17% of what was counted in the whole country that year (220,000 hectares). These alarming numbers placed Guaviare as the second most deforested department, only after Caqueta, with which it shares a border.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since then, the figures continue to be worrisome. In 2018 the estimate dropped to 34,527 hectares and by 2019 there are still no official figures, although the Amazon Conservation-ACCA MAAP initiative estimates that these will account for a \u201cpossible large decline in the Colombian Amazon after a recent deforestation boom\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div align=\"center\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"70%\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/live.amcharts.com\/ZTcwN\/embed\/\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>These are high rates of deforestation, when in Guaviare &#8211; by regulation &#8211; conservation should be prioritized. Other special areas were later removed from the forest reserve zone established in 1959: a peasant reserve zone, several indigenous reserves and two national parks, Nukak and Serrania de Chiribiquete. The latter, a mountain range that forms part of the Guiana Shield and is one of the oldest on the planet, was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in July 2018 for its natural and archaeological value.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Angelica Rojas, regional coordinator for Guaviare and southern Meta of the Foundation for Conservation and Sustainable Development (FCDS), points out that the ordinance \u201cbasically determines two uses for this territory: either one lives off the forest economy or one conserves it.\u201d At least, that is what is on paper.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rojas explains that of Guaviare\u2019s 5.4 million hectares, only 7% -or 400,000 hectares- are titled. That is, only there can settlers legalize their property. This titled area is the largest peasant reserve area in the country: a figure created by Colombian law in the 1990s to promote the peasant economy and that, precisely for this reason, is the shield against land grabbing, since only land the size of a Family Agricultural Unit (FAU) is awarded, which is what at least one family needs to survive with dignity, and which in all cases is of less than 200 hectares.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div align=\"center\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/gfycat.com\/ifr\/FlamboyantCalmBighornedsheep\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"684\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Still, land titles for farmers in this area are few, while land grabbing is high. This is another reason why occupation, deforestation, cows and coca have moved beyond these boundaries into environmentally protected areas of Guaviare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the most dramatic examples of the failure to comply with these norms is that of the Nukak indigenous people, who remained uncontacted until 1988 and who were declared \u201cat risk of ethnic and cultural extermination\u201d by the Constitutional Court in a notorious 2009 ruling. The Nukak have been forcibly displaced from their legally constituted reservation due to these dynamics of colonization, deforestation and illicit crops. Many of them live in precarious conditions today, in the urban area of San Jose.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/tierra.jerre-dev.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/4-1-1-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Guaviare. Foto: Sara Castillejo Ditta.\" class=\"wp-image-791\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212354\/4-1-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212354\/4-1-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212354\/4-1-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212354\/4-1-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212354\/4-1-1-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>SOME NUKAK DISPLACED FROM THEIR SHELTER LIVE IN A LOT NEAR THE TOWN OF SAN JOSE DEL GUAVIARE AND USUALLY SPEND THE DAY IN THE CITY PARK. PHOTO: SARA CASTILLEJO.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In April 2018, the Supreme Court of Justice declared the Colombian Amazon &#8211; including Guaviare \u2013 as&nbsp; a subject of rights and ordered, through sentence STC 4360 of 2018, that mechanisms be put in place to stop deforestation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In terms of justice, this meant that the Prosecutor&#8217;s Office had a group of eight prosecutors to investigate crimes such as land grabbing, timber trafficking, illegal mining and drug trafficking in the seven departments that comprise this region. Guaviare went from only four judicial processes in 2018 to 191 in 2019 for nine crimes related to the environment, according to the Prosecutor&#8217;s Office. Of the total, 70% (136) are under investigation and 24% (48) are in the judicial stage. The institution reserved the name of those involved because no process has been completed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div align=\"center\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"75%\" height=\"700\" src=\"https:\/\/live.amcharts.com\/0YmUz\/embed\/\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The Army also became involved in new tasks. In April 2019 it launched Operation Artemis as an offensive against deforestation. In that year, it captured 48 people in Guaviare alone. No big fish among them. Colonel Norberto Salgado himself, commander of the 22nd Brigade, said in January 2020 that they were campesinos with chainsaws who were earning a living, \u201cknocking down three, four, five, 10, 15, 20 hectares.\u201d He insisted that \u201cmost of the hectares that are being cut down are being used for new coca crops,\u201d although the rest of the sources consulted for this report point to extensive cattle ranching as the main factor in deforestation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are no large deforesters arrested or identified. In this scenario, the campesinos fear that denouncing implies risks and that the authorities are permissive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Is It Better to Keep Quiet?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>JJairo Sedano is the owner of the El Diamante de las Aguas nature reserve and environmental watchdog of the Guaviare en Paz Citizen Watch Network. He was a cattle rancher \u201cvery strong, a defender of cattle ranching, in the Serrania de La Lindosa\u201d, he remembers. He had 65 heads of cattle, but the discourse on conservation and training in environmental issues began to take hold. 14 years ago he decided to take out all the cattle and dedicate himself to recovering what he had cut down. Today he has 31.5 hectares of natural reserve and he managed to repopulate his property with species such as seje, asai, abarco, macano, cachicamo and guayabeto. The place also serves as a field for university students.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/tierra.jerre-dev.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/5.jpg\" alt=\"Guaviare. Foto: Jeanneth Valdivieso\" class=\"wp-image-792\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212354\/5.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212354\/5-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212354\/5-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>JAIRO SEDANO DECIDED TO ABANDON CATTLE RANCHING TO CREATE A NATURE RESERVE, A DECISION THAT FILLS HIM WITH PRIDE. PHOTO: JEANNETH VALDIVIESO.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In early 2020 Sedano heard \u201ca chainsaw running for eight days\u201d near his property and, weeks later, recorded on video the logging in a wetland near San Jose del Guaviare by developers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He knows that speaking up has its price. \u201cFor defending life, you end up singled out, excluded from society (&#8230;) Conserving in Guaviare is difficult,\u201d says this man who arrived from Santander, in north-central Colombia, 35 years ago. Today, he is a vocal advocate for conservation despite the fact that he believes there are few incentives. Along with other members of the observer network, Sedano is always aware of the environmental impact of public and private works and follows up on plans and projects in the department.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWhat they tell you the most is: &#8216;Why do you get involved in what\u2019s not your business?&#8217; That&#8217;s where we, who live in the territory, are driven to be afraid, to feel that we are being singled out. But singled out for what? Because the institutions don&#8217;t want to do the work, because the institutions are permissive.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The desire for conservation, which is the banner of Gaitan, Rodriguez and Sedano, is not the rule but the exception among Guaviare&#8217;s farmers and new landowners. Convincing them \u201cto change the chip\u201d is not easy and even \u201cthere are people who don&#8217;t like conservation\u201d and prefer to extend their pastures on end, says Rodriguez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Added to this is the resentment of going against the tide: \u201c&#8217;See, Maria is already with the idea of not knocking over, of taking care&#8230; She may suddenly sack us (give us away), this, that. She&#8217;s already in that story. I&#8217;ve already been told that,\u201d says Gait\u00e1n. His partner, Rodriguez, admits to feeling \u201cfear\u201d for defending the forest. \u201cI haven&#8217;t received any direct threats, at most a comment here and there. There are people who say, accusing you, that you&#8217;re the one talking about those who are deforesting when that&#8217;s a lie. I haven&#8217;t denounced any of them, they are people who talk without any arguments, but a comment like that can hurt you,\u201d he adds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/tierra.jerre-dev.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/6.jpg\" alt=\"Guaviare. Foto: Sara Castillejo Ditta.\" class=\"wp-image-793\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212353\/6.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212353\/6-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212353\/6-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>JORGE AVENDA\u00d1O LIVES IN CALAMAR. FOR DENOUNCING PROBLEMS IN THE TOWN, AS A LEADER AND CITIZEN WATCHER, HE RECEIVED INTIMIDATION AND THREATS. PHOTO: SARA CASTILLEJO.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In Calamar, Jorge Avenda\u00f1o, a social leader, citizen watcher and welder by trade, has been living in Guaviare for 20 years, but only since 2016 has he started receiving threats and intimidation. The latest episode came through a pamphlet with the FARC logo that was left at his home in July 2018, which said that he was a \u201cmilitary target\u201d and that he should \u201ckeep his distance from current events.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As part of his tasks as a monitor and leader, he has denounced the lack of action by local authorities to address the region\u2019s problems and the mismanagement of public resources. \u201cIt seems that there is business between the (municipal) administrations and the people who are invading\u201d lands, says Avenda\u00f1o, who denounced the threats in the Prosecutor&#8217;s Office and then received a cell phone, an emergency button and a bulletproof vest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The silence that reigns in Guaviare in the face of those responsible for deforestation, which &#8211; he insists &#8211; are not the small farmers, can be explained as follows: \u201cThose who have these large extensions of land are powerful. Who is going to denounce them if they know that they will get killed for it? So, in Colombia we are used to living: &#8216;better to stay quiet and alive&#8217;. That&#8217;s why nothing happens and those who have the weapons do not take action (&#8230;) As there is no one to control, everyone easily took land and deforested\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Centrality of Coca<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In Guaviare, for decades, the Farc was the law and controlled everything, even deforestation. With their disarmament, after the signing of the peace agreement in November 2016, a vacuum was left that the State has not been able to fill and that has been taken advantage of by those who cut down trees. In addition, the dissident groups that departed from the agreement took up arms again and continue to define themselves as \u201cguerrillas\u201d, impose themselves in extensive areas far from urban centers. In the department, the First Front under the command of &#8216;Ivan Mordisco&#8217; and the Seventh Front headed by &#8216;Gentil Duarte&#8217; operate. Criminal gangs (or bacrim) made up of former members of paramilitary groups are also present.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>FARC dissidents \u201cbenefit from deforestation by extorting money from landowners,\u201d with a fee charged per hectare felled and per head of cattle, according to an Insight Crime report. In addition, they continue to control illicit coca crops and drug trafficking routes in the region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The cocalero economy flourished in Guaviare in the 1990s under the FARC administration and by 1997 it had attracted the paramilitaries of the Centauros Block of the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC). The two sides clashed in a chapter of the armed conflict that remained etched in the memory of the locals. In 2006, the \u201cparas\u201d demobilized and violence became less general, but coca remained.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/tierra.jerre-dev.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/7-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Guaviare. Foto: Sara Castillejo Ditta.\" class=\"wp-image-795\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212353\/7-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212353\/7-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212353\/7-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212353\/7-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212353\/7-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>THE COCA ECONOMY REACHED THE TEPUIS, LARGE ROCK FORMATIONS OF THE NUKAK NATIONAL NATURE RESERVE. PHOTO: FCDS.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>According to figures from the United Nations Integrated Monitoring System for Illicit Crops, in 2006 Guaviare registered a peak of 9,477 hectares planted with coca. By 2018 the figure had dropped to 4,340. One of the reasons for the reduction was the implementation of the National Program for the Substitution of Illicit Crops (PNIS), which was born after the peace agreement signed in 2016, aiming to insert farmers into a legal economy with a commitment not to return to coca.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A total of 7,251 families took advantage of the program in Guaviare and eradicated their crops manually and voluntarily, as Olmes Rodriguez did, the leader of El Capricho who now wants to dedicate himself to conservation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cPeople were convinced and tore out their bushes. Most of us who had bushes pulled them out. We signed a substitution agreement where they gave us two million COP (USD 586 as of February 2020) in the first payment and we had 60 days to pull out,\u201d he says. Then other resources would be provided for a food security project, which 62% (4,490) of Guaviare&#8217;s families received by October of last year, according to the latest United Nations monitoring report.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Payment for this concept to the remaining families and the delivery of resources for productive projects have not been completed. Such delays have motivated complaints of the peasants, who have eradicated 1,481 hectares of coca leaf from the total 3,019 that were identified, according to UN data. This means that this illegal economy sustained over 7,000 families with an environmental impact of 1,481 hectares of cut down forest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The missing compensations have forced farm workers to look for other legal options to support themselves. \u201cThat&#8217;s why cattle ranching has increased, because people have already left coca\u201d and have no alternatives, explains Rodriguez. He also says that growing food to sell is not profitable because of the poor road conditions and the distances involved. \u201cPeople live on milk and cattle, on milking, from which they get their cheese. People buy that,\u201d he explains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The councilman of Calamar, Mateo Federico Cruz, who was an environmental observer before taking office, agrees: \u201cAlmost all those people who have been tearing out (coca) have done so to implement models of livestock, fattening and dual purpose (meat and milk).\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Livestock Gobbling up the Jungle<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/tierra.jerre-dev.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/8.jpg\" alt=\"Guaviare. Foto: Sara Castillejo Ditta.\" class=\"wp-image-796\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212353\/8.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212353\/8-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212353\/8-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>PASTURE FOR CATTLE HAS ELIMINATED GUAVIARE\u2019S CHARACTERISTIC TROPICAL FOREST, WITH 450,000 HEAD OF CATTLE REGISTERED IN THE DEPARTMENT. PHOTO: SARA CASTILLEJO.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cCattle ranching is one of the main motors of deforestation, because here what they do is to turn forest into pasture: they knock down, burn and plant grass to later bring cows,\u201d explains Andrea Fernanda Calderon Caycedo, director of the Guaviare section of the Corporation for the Sustainable Development of the Northern and Eastern Amazon (CDA), the environmental authority in the area. This is happening even in protected areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aldemar Galeano, responsible for the technical and administrative affairs of the Guaviare Livestock Committee, describes the cattle-coca relationship as follows: \u201cAfter coca, the most profitable activity here is cattle raising. And where are many of these people able to raise cattle? Where they used to have coca plantations.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>People chose to buy farms and cattle, and the number began to grow. Currently, the capacity of cattle farms in Guaviare is one cow per hectare, or even less. According to the numbers Galeano holds as person in charge of cattle vaccination in the entire department, the number of cows in Guaviare amounts to 450,000 heads of cattle. That is, 450,000 hectares of cattle pasture in Amazon territory, which is equivalent to the entire area available to farmers. If all the land the cows walk on were legalized, no one else would be able to live in the department.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But much of that land is not titled and many of those pastures are new. The CDA regional director reports that her work is hindered by the institution\u2019s unpopularity among neighbors and armed groups. \u201cOur technical team has suffered attacks by the community, which refuses to receive them and sabotages them and, on the other hand, retentions by illegal groups,\u201d she warns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The most serious precedent was recorded in March 2015 when Ricardo Molina, a CDA official, was killed by hitmen when he left the entity. He was controlling illegal mining. Today, as with National Parks, environmental officials are prohibited from entering areas where they should be exercising control due to threats from armed groups. Since the signing of the peace agreement, two murders of social leaders have been recorded in Guaviare (in June and October 2017) according to information from the Ombudsman&#8217;s Office and the organization <em>Somos Defensores<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The CDA&#8217;s sectional director also regrets that the entity\u2019s work is not \u201cwell received\u201d among the community because \u201cits economic measures\u201d focus on in extensive cattle ranching, which contravenes the use of land in Guaviare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI know cattle breeders from more than 15 years ago, who started with 10 heads of cattle and now have 500,\u201d says Galeano, from the Cattle Committee. \u201cSo that&#8217;s where the issue of deforestation comes in: a rancher starts with 10 hectares of pasture, but the next year, as he had five calves, he goes and cuts down another five hectares. And that&#8217;s how it got bigger and bigger, until it got to where it is today.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/tierra.jerre-dev.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/9-2-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Guaviare. Foto: Sara Castillejo Ditta.\" class=\"wp-image-797\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212352\/9-2-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212352\/9-2-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212352\/9-2-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212352\/9-2-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212352\/9-2-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>NEAR THE URBAN AREA OF SAN JOSE DEL GUAVIARE, LIVESTOCK OCCUPIES TERRITORY PREVIOUSLY INHABITED BY SPECIES NATIVE TO THE COLOMBIAN AMAZON. PHOTO: SARA CASTILLEJO.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Following this logic, deforestation for livestock would be local and would obey the subsistence economy of the locals, as it is also their most viable alternative to avoid returning to coca. For Angelica Rojas, however, the constant overflights for vegetation monitoring she does as part of her work with FCDS show that, while it is true that the locals own livestock, they are not the main problem. \u201cThe focus should be on large deforesters, the ones people call &#8216;Caquete\u00f1os,&#8217; &#8216;Gorgojos&#8217; and a whole series of names, and who are basically cartels of land misappropriation and misuse,\u201d she says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Heydeer Palacio, governor of Guaviare since January 2020, agrees that \u201cit is outsiders who have come and made these improper bad interventions.\u201d He affirms they are people with money coming from Bogota, Arauca, Boyaca and Bucaramanga who buy outside the peasant reserve area. These are black market sales, because officially everything outside the peasant reserve is the nation\u2019s inalienable property.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>No one dares to name those responsible, but in conversations they do speak of the \u201ctree graves\u201d to describe the deposits of fallen trees after the logging.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/tierra.jerre-dev.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/101.jpg\" alt=\"Guaviare. Foto: Sara Castillejo Ditta.\" class=\"wp-image-798\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212352\/101.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212352\/101-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212352\/101-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>IMAGE OF LOGGING IN THE GUAVIARE AMAZON BEFORE TURNING THE AREA INTO CATTLE PASTURES. PHOTO: SARA CASTILLEJO.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>On the institutional side, identifying culprits is not easy. The director of the environmental authority looks for a map of the department to explain herself and shows the area where deforestation is focused. \u201cThat is the nation&#8217;s uncultivated land, which has no owner and is not subject to title. Tell me, as CDA, how do I identify the owner of that land if it\u2019s supposed to be the Nation?,\u201d she says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Issues arise when farmers do not see sanctions for large deforestation but for smaller-scale logging. \u201cIf you have money, the law won\u2019t bother you and vice versa (&#8230;) That\u2019s is what most people disagree with,\u201d complains Olmes Rodriguez. Small loggers are usually taken on the spot, while large deforesters require intelligence work that so far has not been successful, Calderon Caycedo explains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The official details that local peasants who cut down are found first. They then begin to defend themselves and point to another who hired them. In turn, that other person points to someone else, who finally says: \u201cNo, this is the boss, from Bogota.\u201d But this last person doesn\u2019t shows up at Guaviare. \u201cIf I check the database, the public instruments, this area is the Nation&#8217;s,\u201d she says. That is to say no owner of that land appears, but possession is made effective through logging.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Although the CDA applies financial penalties to individuals, the director acknowledges that the compliance level \u201cis low.\u201d She does the same work with institutions. In 2019, she imposed fines on the Governor&#8217;s Office and the mayor&#8217;s offices in three of the Guaviare&#8217;s four municipalities &#8211; Calamar, Miraflores, and El Retorno &#8211; for actions against the environment. In the case of Pedro Pablo Novoa and Jhonivar Cumbelos, mayors of the first two municipalities who held office until the end of 2019, the Prosecutor&#8217;s Office is also investigating them \u201cas allegedly responsible for the crimes of aggravated damage to natural resources and invasion of an area of special ecological importance.\u201d Oscar Ospina, mayor of El Retorno, was suspended from office and remains under house arrest \u201cfor alleged liability in environmental crimes and acts of corruption.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Angelica Rojas, the FCDS land expert, explains that between the days of clearing forest, sowing grass and settling the cows, which is how the land grabbing cycle works, \u201cthere are waiting times to see if someone comes to fight: the (environmental) corporation, the police or the army, someone who comes to complain about the cleared area,\u201d she says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She explains that, when no one says anything, the occupation is consolidated, adding that the new occupants \u201care not interested in the land, they do not want to keep the land. They know that at some point they are going to be thrown out, what they want is to take advantage of it and use that land while someone orders them to leave, which can take a year, 50 years or never happen at all.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>From Settlers to Reforesters<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The current wave of settlement is only the most recent. The first began in the mid-20<sup>th<\/sup> century, led by the State, which baptized the newcomers as \u201csettlers.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cA settler is fundamentally a displaced farmer,\u201d said Alfredo Molano, a writer and researcher on the Colombian conflict, in an exhibition on coca. In Southeastern Colombia, Molano explains, \u201cit was a real feat to cut down a hectare with an axe at that time. A truly titanic task. And that&#8217;s what settlers did: they went in, tore down the jungle and immediately burned it and planted corn.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cSettlers were given the status of \u201ccivilizers\u201d of empty lands, and their farms were valued as the places where the capitalist economy and progress were made,\u201d explain anthropologists Carlos Del Cairo and Ivan Montenegro-Perini, in the article \u2018Spaces, Peasants and Environmental Subjectivities in Guaviare.\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/tierra.jerre-dev.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/102.jpg\" alt=\"Guaviare. Foto: Sara Castillejo Ditta.\" class=\"wp-image-799\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212352\/102.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212352\/102-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212352\/102-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>THE ARRIVAL OF THE FIRST SETTLERS WHO MADE THEIR WAY THROUGH THE JUNGLE IN GUAVIARE DATES BACK TO THE MID-20TH CENTURY. PHOTO: SARA CASTILLEJO.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Even today, in San Jose one can see a sense of heroism when the neighbors present themselves as &#8216;settlers&#8217; who came from all corners of Colombia. In fact, every year in August the Settlement Festival is celebrated, promoted by the Governor\u2019s Office.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That generation had a totally detached relationship with Guaviare conditioned by extractivism. Before, it was rubber, wood, skins and, more recently, marijuana, coca and cattle, explains Angelica Rojas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cSince forever, the use has been: &#8216;What can I take out so I can leave? Not &#8216;What can I leave on the soil? Not &#8216;How can I best relate to this?&#8217;\u201c she adds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But a new generation of Guaviare&#8217;s inhabitants, more rooted to the territory and even born in this Amazon region, seem to defy this heartless tradition. Although tensions persist and cattle and coca have not left, from Gaitan and Rodriguez&#8217;s El Sinai farm or from Jairo Sedano&#8217;s El Diamante de las Aguas farm, small or large gestures of conservation are made to further express their intention to remain in the territory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/tierra.jerre-dev.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/10-2-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Guaviare. Foto: Sara Castillejo Ditta.\" class=\"wp-image-800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212351\/10-2-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212351\/10-2-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212351\/10-2-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212351\/10-2-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/19212351\/10-2-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>MARIA GAITAN, WHO WAS BORN IN GUAVIARE AND BELONGS TO THE GENERATION OF THE FIRST SETTLERS\u2019 CHILDREN, IS WILLING TO CHANGE HER RELATIONSHIP WITH THE FOREST TO STAY IN IT. PHOTO: SARA CASTILLEJO.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Before, Maria says, \u201cwe were cruel to the jungle (&#8230;) We pummeled away at the jungle without compassion. Today it hurts, it hurts to cut down a tree\u201d and she remembers her children. \u201cThat mentality I had, they don&#8217;t. The girl, the boy (&#8230;) they eat a seed and plant a tree or say: &#8216;mommy, take one to the farm and sow it.&#8217;\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tierra.jerre-dev.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/eee.png\" alt=\"Tierra de Resistentes\" class=\"wp-image-3766\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/19211834\/eee.png 400w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/19211834\/eee-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/19211834\/eee-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In Colombia&#8217;s third most deforested department, peasants and settlers are promoting initiatives for the conservation and sustainable use of the Amazon rainforest, against the backdrop of the most profitable and popular activities, which at the same time are also the most harmful: extensive cattle ranching and coca cultivation. Four years ago, Maria Gaitan would not [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":7754,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[299,295,298,95,296,47,294,297],"coauthors":[50,57,144],"class_list":{"0":"post-794","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-colombia","8":"tag-acuerdo-de-paz","9":"tag-amazonia","10":"tag-chiribiquete","11":"tag-coca","12":"tag-deforestacion","13":"tag-fase-ii","14":"tag-ganaderia","15":"tag-nukak"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Farmers Who Want to Turn Off Chainsaws in Guaviare<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/en\/2020\/04\/22\/los-campesinos-que-quieren-apagar-las-motosierras-en-guaviare\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Sara Castillejo Ditta, Jeanneth Valdivieso, La Liga Contra el Silencio\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"24 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Farmers Who Want to Turn Off Chainsaws in Guaviare","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/en\/2020\/04\/22\/los-campesinos-que-quieren-apagar-las-motosierras-en-guaviare\/","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Sara Castillejo Ditta, Jeanneth Valdivieso, La Liga Contra el Silencio","Est. 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camponeses que querem desligar as motoserras em Guaviare"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/es\/#website","url":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/es\/","name":"Tierra de Resistentes | Consejo de Redacci\u00f3n","description":"Base de datos de defensores ambientales amenazados y asesinados en Latinoam\u00e9rica. Historias, fotograf\u00edas, videos y gr\u00e1ficos para entender la situaci\u00f3n de los resistentes.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/es\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/es\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/es\/#organization","name":"Tierra de resistentes","url":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/es\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/LogoEspanolAjustado-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/LogoEspanolAjustado-1.png","width":1568,"height":944,"caption":"Tierra de resistentes"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/es\/#\/schema\/person\/c2492e979ed4fd847ed0b801923b4189","name":"Sara Castillejo Ditta","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/es\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/e08703a885757501d1046fbbbd48d141","url":"https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/19212029\/Sara-Castillejo-Ditta-Tierra-de-Resistentes-150x150.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/media.tierraderesistentes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/19212029\/Sara-Castillejo-Ditta-Tierra-de-Resistentes-150x150.jpg","caption":"Sara Castillejo Ditta"},"description":"Periodista y desarrolladora de Software colombiana. Ha trabajado en la Unidad de Datos de El Tiempo, en el proyecto La Liga Contra el Silencio, de la Fundaci\u00f3n para la Libertad de Prensa (Flip), y en la asociaci\u00f3n Consejo de Redacci\u00f3n, como periodista de investigaci\u00f3n, de datos y creativa digital. Maneja m\u00faltiples formatos y ama la reporter\u00eda. Coordin\u00f3 la tercera fase de Tierra de Resistentes y lider\u00f3 su transformaci\u00f3n digital.","sameAs":["https:\/\/x.com\/https:\/\/twitter.com\/CastillejoDitta"],"url":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/en\/author\/sara\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/794","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=794"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/794\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7754"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=794"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=794"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=794"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tierraderesistentes.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=794"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}